安装latex

安装必要依赖

sudo apt update
sudo apt install perl wget build-essential

下载脚本

cd /tmp
# 下载官方安装包（使用清华源链接以加速）
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/install-tl-unx.tar.gz

# 解压
tar -zxf install-tl-unx.tar.gz

# 进入解压后的文件夹（文件夹名字通常带日期，用 * 通配符自动进入）
cd install-tl-20*

执行安装

sudo perl install-tl -repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/

会提示类似

======================> TeX Live installation procedure <=====================

======>   Letters/digits in <angle brackets> indicate   <=======
======>   menu items for actions or customizations      <=======
= help>   https://tug.org/texlive/doc/install-tl.html   <=======

 Detected platform: GNU/Linux on x86_64

 <B> set binary platforms: 1 out of 15

 <S> set installation scheme: scheme-full

 <C> set installation collections:
     40 collections out of 41, disk space required: 9274 MB (free: 729040 MB)

 <D> set directories:
   TEXDIR (the main TeX directory):
     /usr/local/texlive/2025
   TEXMFLOCAL (directory for site-wide local files):
     /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
   TEXMFSYSVAR (directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     /usr/local/texlive/2025/texmf-var
   TEXMFSYSCONFIG (directory for local config):
     /usr/local/texlive/2025/texmf-config
   TEXMFVAR (personal directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     ~/.texlive2025/texmf-var
   TEXMFCONFIG (personal directory for local config):
     ~/.texlive2025/texmf-config
   TEXMFHOME (directory for user-specific files):
     ~/texmf

 <O> options:
   [ ] use letter size instead of A4 by default
   [X] allow execution of restricted list of programs via \write18
   [X] create all format files
   [X] install macro/font doc tree
   [X] install macro/font source tree
   [ ] create symlinks to standard directories

 <V> set up for portable installation

Actions:
 <I> start installation to hard disk
 <P> save installation profile to 'texlive.profile' and exit
 <Q> quit

Enter command:

输入大写的I然后回车

配置环境变量

nano ~/.bashrc

# Add TeX Live 2025 to PATH
export PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2025/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH
export MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2025/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH
export INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2025/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATH